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We share an ancestor who probably lived no more than 640 years ago

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This post is a revised version of a previous post . The original post has been or will be deleted, with the comments preserved. Typically this is done with posts that attract many visits at the time they are published, and whose topics become particularly relevant or need to be re-addressed at a later date. *** We all evolved from one single-celled organism that lived billions of years ago. I don’t see why this is so hard for some people to believe, given that all of us also developed from a single fertilized cell in just 9 months. However, our most recent common ancestor is not that first single-celled organism, nor is it the first Homo sapiens, or even the first Cro-Magnon. The majority of the people who read this blog probably share a common ancestor who lived no more than 640 years ago. Genealogical records often reveal interesting connections - the figure below has been cropped from a larger one from Pinterest . You and I, whoever you are, have each two parents. Each of our parent...

Could grain-fed beef liver be particularly nutritious?

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There is a pervasive belief today that grain-fed beef is unhealthy, a belief that I addressed before in this blog ( ) and that I think is exaggerated. This general belief seems to also apply to a related meat, one that is widely acknowledged as a major micronutrient “powerhouse”, namely grain-fed beef liver. Regarding grain-fed beef liver, the idea is that cattle that are grain-fed tend to develop a mild form of fatty liver disease. This I am inclined to agree with. However, I am not convinced that this is such a bad thing for those who eat grain-fed beef liver. In most animals, including Homo sapiens , fatty liver disease seems to be associated with extra load being put on the liver. Possible reasons for this are accelerated growth, abnormally high levels of body fat, and ingestion of toxins beyond a certain hormetic threshold (e.g., alcohol). In these cases, what would one expect to see as a body response? The extra load is associated with high oxidative stress and rate of meta...