Hypoparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism is not as common as hyperparathyroidism and is characterized by secretion of low levels of parathyroid hormone (1). The disorder can be result of removal of parathyroid glands, the glands’ possible autoimmune destruction, or, in some genetic cases, when the kidney is insensitive to parathyroid output (1).

When low parathyroid hormone occurs, hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia can become end results. Symptoms include weakness, mental process alterations and faulty muscular function (1).

Patients with hypoparathyroidism are advised to make dietary changes to increase calcium and avoid phosphorus such as found in many soft drinks (2). Treatment for hypoparathyroidism include dietary supplementation with calcium and vitamin D, which helps the body absorb calcium and get rid of phosphorus (2).

Reference List

1. Nowak TJ, Handford AG. Pathophysiology: Concepts and Applications for Health Professionals. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004.
2. Mayo Clinic. Hypoparathyroidism. Available at: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hypoparathyroidism/DS00952/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs.

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